Research products

This entity models Research products, which may be of four types, as follows.

Literature:

Intended for reading by humans (article, thesis, peer-review, blog posts, books, reports, patents, etc.)

Research data:

Self-contained, persistently identified digital assets intended for processing (e.g. files containing: tables, metadata collections, dumps; persistent dynamic queries to scientific databases)

Research software:

(definition from RDA WG) Research Software includes source code files, algorithms, scripts, computational workflows and executables that were created during the research process or for a research purpose. Note that software components (e.g., operating systems, libraries, dependencies, packages, scripts, etc.) that are used for research but were not created during or with a clear research intent should be considered software in research and not Research Software. This differentiation may vary between disciplines. The minimal requirement for achieving computational reproducibility is that all the computational components (Research Software, software used in research, documentation and hardware) used during the research are identified, described, and made accessible to the extent that is possible.

Other products:

any digital asset, uniquely identified, whose nature does not fall in the first three types

Properties

This section describes the metadata fields for the Research products.

Local identifier

Description:

Unique code identifiying the Research product in the SKG (if any, otherwise “stateless identifier”)

Type:

String

Use:

Mandatory (1)

1 "local_identifier": "product_1"

Identifiers

Description:

A list of external identifiers for the entity.

Type:

List

Use:

Optional (0..1)

Scheme

Description:

The scheme for the external identifier (e.g., doi, handle, purl, pubmed, etc.).

Type:

String

Use:

Mandatory (1)

Value

Description:

The external identifier.

Type:

String

Use:

Mandatory (1)

1 "identifiers": [
2     {
3         "scheme": "doi"
4         "value": "10.1103/PhysRevE.80.056103"
5     }
6 ]

Titles

Description:

The titles of a Research product (multiple for multilinguism).

Type:

List

Use:

Mandatory (1)

1 "titles": ["The computer science ontology: a large-scale taxonomy of research areas"]

Abstracts

Description:

The abstracts of a Research product (multiple for multilinguism).

Type:

List

Use:

Recommended (0..1)

1 "abstracts": ["Ontologies of research areas are important tools for characterising, exploring, and analysing the research landscape..."]

Product type

Description:

The type of the Research product.

Type:

String, one among

  • literature

  • research data

  • research software

  • other

Use:

Mandatory (1)

1 "product_type": "literature"

Topics

Description:

A list of Topics covered by the Research product.

Type:

List

Use:

Recommended (0..1)

Topic identifier

Description:

The identifier of a Topic relevant for the Research product.

Type:

String

Use:

Mandatory (1)

Provenance

Description:

A list of provenance information tracking the origin of the relation between a Topics and a Research product.

Type:

List

Use:

Recommended (0..1)

Type
Description:

A string tracking the provenance of the topic relation.

Type:

String

Use:

Mandatory (1)

Trust
Description:

A numeric value associated to the trust given to the relation to a Topics

Type:

Number

Use:

Mandatory (1)

 1 "topics": [
 2     {
 3         "topic": "topic_1",
 4         "provenance": [
 5             {
 6                 "type": "OpenAIRE mining",
 7                 "trust": 0.7
 8             }
 9         ]
10     },
11     {
12         "topic": "topic_2",
13         "provenance": [
14             {
15                 "type": "OpenAlex",
16                 "trust": 0.9
17             }
18         ]
19     }
20 ]

Contributions

Description:

A list of objects that describe a Person, his/her role, rank and declared affiliations to Organisations when working to a Research product.

Type:

List

Use:

Mandatory (1)

Person

Description:

The identifier of a Person contributing to the Research product.

Type:

String

Use:

Mandatory (1)

Declared affiliations

Description:

A list of Organisations identifiers that reflect the declared affiliations of a Person for the Research product.

Type:

List

Use:

Recommended (0..1)

Roles

Description:

The specific role that a Person had in the Research product.

Type:

List of values from CRediT taxonomy

Use:

Recommended (0..1)

Rank

Description:

The rank of the Person in the author list of a Product.

Type:

Integer

Use:

Recommended (0..1)

1 "contributions": [
2     {
3         "person": "person_123",
4         "declared_affiliations": ["org_1", "org_3"],
5         "rank": 1,
6         "roles": ["writing-original-draft", "conceptualization"]
7     }
8 ]

Manifestations

Description:

A list of manifestations for the same Research product (e.g., a preprint, a postprint, etc.)

Type:

List

Use:

Mandatory (1)

Product local type

Description:

The type of the manifestation.

Type:

String

Use:

Mandatory (1)

Product local type schema

Description:

The schema of the manifestation type.

Type:

String

Use:

Mandatory (1)

Dates

Description:

Relevant dates for the Research product.

Type:

List

Use:

Mandatory (1)

Value
Description:

The relevant date for the Research product.

Type:

String (ISO 8601 date string)

Use:

Mandatory (1)

Type
Description:

The type of the date (e.g., publishing, embargo, preprint, …).

Type:

String

Use:

Mandatory (1)

Peer review

Description:

Whether the Research product has undergone a peer review process.

Type:

String, one of the following

  • peer-reviewed

  • not peer-reviewed

  • single-blind

  • double-blind

  • open peer review

Use:

Mandatory (1)

Metadata curation

Description:

Whether the Research product has undergone a metadata curation process.

Type:

String, one of the following

  • yes

  • no

  • unavailable

Use:

Mandatory (1)

URL

Description:

An URL for the manifestation.

Type:

URL

Use:

Mandatory (1)

PID

Description:

the pid for the specific manifestation.

Type:

String

Use:

Recommended (0..1)

Access right

Description:

The access right for the specific materialisation.

Type:

String, one of the following

  • open

  • closed

  • embargo

  • restricted

  • unavailable

Use:

Mandatory (1)

Licence

Description:

Licence specific to the manifestation.

Type:

String

Use:

Recommended (0..1)

Licence schema

Description:

Schema of the licence.

Type:

String

Use:

Recommended (0..1)

Bibliographic information

Description:

An object containing bibliographic information about a Research product of literature type.

Type:

Object

Use:

Optional (0..1)

Issue
Description:

Issue number.

Type:

String

Use:

Optional (0..1)

Start page
Description:

The starting page.

Type:

String

Use:

Optional (0..1)

End page
Description:

The ending date.

Type:

String

Use:

Optional (0..1)

Volume
Description:

Volume number (for journals, books, conferences).

Type:

String

Use:

Optional (0..1)

Edition
Description:

The edition (for journals and books).

Type:

String

Use:

Optional (0..1)

Number
Description:

Journal number.

Type:

String

Use:

Optional (0..1)

Publisher
Description:

The name of the publisher (for journals, books, conferences).

Type:

String

Use:

Optional (0..1)

Series
Description:

The name of the conference and book series.

Type:

String

Use:

Optional (0..1)

Venue
Description:

A Venue identifier for the manifestation.

Type:

String

Use:

Mandatory (1)

Hosting data source
Description:

A Data source identifier for the manifestation.`

Type:

String

Use:

Mandatory (1)

 1 "manifestations": [
 2     {
 3         "product_local_type": "",
 4         "product_local_type_schema": "",
 5         "dates": [
 6             {
 7                 "value": "2012-03-21",
 8                 "type": "preprint"
 9             }
10         ],
11         "peer-review": "open",
12         "metadata curation": "yes",
13         "access rights": "",
14         "license": "",
15         "license_schema": "",
16         "url": "https://link.springer.com/chapter/...",
17         "pid": "https://doi.org/10.1007/...",
18         "biblio": {
19             "issue": "1",
20             "start_page": "640",
21             "end_page": "645",
22             "volume": "13833",
23             "edition": "",
24             "number": "",
25             "publisher": "Springer International Publishing",
26             "series": "Lecture Notes in Computer Science"
27         }
28         "venue": "venue_7",
29         "hosting_data_source": "datasource_4",
30     }
31 ]

Relevant organisations

Description:

A list of relevant Organisation identifiers associated with the Research product (In case the individual affiliations of the Person are not available).

Type:

List

Use:

Recommended (0..1)

1 "relevant_organisations": ["org_1", "org5"]

Funding

Description:

A list of relevant Grant identifiers associated with the Research product.

Type:

List

Use:

Recommended (0..1)

1 "funding": ["grant_1", "grant_2"]